My hometown is Canterbury in the UK. There are lots of historically significant structures around - being the home of the Archbishop of Canterbury - but none more so, I suppose, than the Canterbury Cathedral. The particular claim to fame - or perhaps infamy - would the be assassination of St. Thomas Becket following the (political and personal) rift that had taken place between him and the then King of England, Henry II.
The story surrounding it is a little confused, but the King was said to have made a throw-away comment on his sickbed - something along the lines of "Who will rid me of this troublesome priest?"
4 Knights took this to be a royal command, went haring off to the Cathedral, cornered Becket with some nonsense excuse and demanded that Becket ride off to Winchester and account for his actions. Becket refused, and the knights - interpreting this as treason against the King's wishes - rushed out of the Cathedral to fetch swords hidden under a Sycamore tree, ran back in and killed the Archbishop.
A somewhat morbid claim to fame, but St. Thomas Becket was canonized after it, so I guess my hometown is the site where a saint was made

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